TCO, or Total Cost of Ownership, in EVs refers to all the costs associated with owning an electric vehicle over its lifetime. This includes not only the initial purchase price, applicable government incentives, but also running costs, such as charging, maintenance, insurance, and potential resale value. For example, while the initial cost of a Tesla Model 3 might be higher than a similar petrol car (e.g. Toyota Camry), its TCO could be lower due to savings on fuel and maintenance over time.